Using Trademe As My Case - 1596 Words

I have chosen to use TradeMe as my case. TradeMe is an online website that connects sellers to buyers and also buyers to sellers. TradeMe is the middle man or connection between both parties. The selling of goods or services works through an auction system instead of the classic, one price and that is it. This system benefits both buyers and sellers, the buyer can get products for cheap and sellers could also get a lot more than anticipated from their goods or services. TradeMe is a New Zealand based website and has quickly became a very popular site, having over 3.9 million active users, and 7.7 thousand people visiting the site every day (TradeMe, April 2016). New New media is communication channels that have been created recently. These channels interact with the user and give the user the ability to talk and communicate between other users in real time. Social networking is a prime example of new new media, blogs, Twitter or even YouTube all fall into the category of new new media, were as emails would fall into new media due to their introduction times and limiting factors. New new media summed up is users interacting with other users on a massive scale. Let us single out YouTube as an example, YouTube gives users with massive interaction through: likes, dislikes, shares, favourites or even reports. The content creators can get feedback in many different forms on their creations, the biggest feedback tool being the comments section, were users can share their ideas,

Chomsky s Influence On Cognitive Psychology - 1786 Words

Noam Chomsky, linguist, played an important role in cognitive psychology. Chomsky had reviewed and critiqued B. F. Skinner’s published materials regarding behaviorism (Radvansky Ashcraft, 2014; Qiang, Yongyong, Yongquan, 2013). He criticized Skinner for leaving out an important aspect of language (Radvansky Ashcraft, 2014). Chomsky explained that when language is produced our brain is abiding by rules that are stored in memory (Radvansky Ashcraft, 2014). This led to the development of cognitive psychology and Chomsky’s theory regarding language (Qiang, Yongyong, Yongquan, 2013). Chomsky believed that language was a good example as to how the cognitive process works within individuals (Grider, 1993). In order to fully understand language, Chomsky looked at production and perception of language (Grider, 1993; Mayer, 1981). It was important to him to analyze what played a role in the production and perception of language (Grider, 1993; Mayer, 1981). Chomsky believed that structures in our brain helps us be able to comprehend different sentence structures that make sense (Grider, 1993). Those structures were thought to be â€Å"surface structures and deep structures† (Grider, 1993; Hayes, 1970). Surface structures were thought to deal with the grammar of a sentence (Grider, 1993). Deep structures looked at the meaning of the sentence (Grider, 1993). Chomsky thought that grammar occurs on three different levels (Radvansky Ashcraft, 2014). These levels wereShow MoreRelatedEvolution of Cognitive Psychology1054 Words   |  5 PagesEvolution of Cognitive Psychology Cognitive psychology is defined as â€Å"the scientific study of mental processes† (Riegler Riegler 2008, p. 1). During the 1960s, cognitive psychology became an emerging presence in the field of psychology. During this time period, attention to the study of â€Å"how internal states, such as thoughts, feelings, and moods influence behavior† (Cherry 2010, p. 12). 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Rain of Gold Occupied America Comparison Free Essays

string(33) " were just itching for violence\." A Dreamer’s Struggles In Victor Villasenor novel, Rain of Gold is an accurate view in how he portrays what his family experienced in migrating into the Southwest of the United States, in attempt to live a safe prosperous life. Lupe, Victoriano, and Juan are three characters from the novel that best illustrates the struggles that many immigrants face in crossing over in search for work and safety. In Occupied America, by Rodolfo Acuna supports the experiences of the characters in the novel, making it clear that the events that took place in Rain of Gold are in fact what people experience in the real life. We will write a custom essay sample on Rain of Gold Occupied America Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, Lupe struggled with the threat of being rapped as well as any other young lady in the novel; she also struggled with education by either not having the support of the community to establish a school district, and or putting obstacles that keep her from attending school when school was available. In the case of Victoriano, he experienced discrimination from his own race, and beatings from authority. Lastly, Juan, struggled, like Victoriano, discrimination, and like the other characters in the novel struggled to cross borders and under goes difficult struggles as a young boy, and then the biggest issue we still struggle with today, assimilation. Growing up was difficult for Lupe. She endured a lot of hardship growing up, where instead of living a peaceful childhood she had to constantly hide and be aware of those around because at any given moment a creature from hell could just come and grab her and snatch her innocence from her, on page 74 of novel Lupe states that, â€Å"No girl was safe anymore. La Liebre and his men were raping any girl that happened to walk by the plaza unescorted†, examining this quote it is evident that no female girl or woman was safe in their own home, in order to run errands or do daily chores away from home they needed to be accompanied to keep them from harm. In Occupied America makes it easy to understand that these incidents truly did occur to women, â€Å"Californio families lived in no Utopia. They were patriarchal; sexual violence, rape and incest burden fell on the poor and native women, who did not have â€Å"protectors†. (pg 127) In other words women had no worth, and no one to defend their worth. Being a woman myself I cannot imagine what they went through and to think that many of them after the years perhaps thought that this is in fact was their purpose, to be nothing. Lupe was no exception she encountered many incidents where she was nearly raped, as a matter of fact a lot of the girl of her town were raped so bad that the y died from the impact. â€Å"And not only had the bandits killed Don Tiburcio, they’d taken their gold, raped Paloma and other two Indian girls, killing all of them. (pg 198) Another obstacle Lupe experienced that majority of girl’s experienced were no support for an education. It was a privilege for any child to go to school, none less a girl. The novel puts emphasis through the story how Lupe struggled to get an education. For example, when Don Manuel declares, â€Å"He’s under no written obligation to supply a school for the village. † He was arguing with the mothers of the students whom attended school when they discontinued paying Senora Munoz, though she continued to teach which was leading her to secretly starve. But the village united and helped maintain education by paying the teacher what they could as long as they could and took turn having her over for dinner and feeding her in the meantime she was there. Another occasion was when Lupe was older and by then she had migrated to the United States, she had returned to school and although she was making great progress and maintain good discipline and determination she went through a hurdle that scared her from ever returning she explained to her mother stating, â€Å"Mr. Horn my new teacher, was real nice to me, too, helping me after school; but then one day he, he, he grabbed me from behind while I was writing on the blackboard. †(pg267) This frightened Lupe especially when he called her a dirty Mexican prick-tease that she was too old to be in school. In her time women Mexican women were taught to be respected and not allow a man to ever mistreat them, their customs were solid in marrying a virgin, so this act from a professor raged anyone with values like Lupe. Occupied America† also supports lack of education affirming, â€Å"Spanish authorities were not inclined to educate them. † Meaning women, â€Å"Few religious schools dedicates to educating young women existed. † (pg 27) It is clear that there was very little if any support to educate women, Euro American viewed women to be inferior and keeping them ignorant was in their best interest, though I am proud to say that today because of good men and intellectual ingenio us women the female gender has an overall equal fair chance at an education. But like everything else it was not an easy rode to et there. Victoriano, which in the novel is Lupe’s older brother by a few years, battled his own demons. For example, when he saw that his family was struggling to survive he ran to find any scrap of gold that was left behind were the miners threw old scraps of materials, during his search he founds a few rocks that could potentially had been gold, when he ran into trouble doing absolutely nothing wrong, â€Å"Nothing he could say would stop these vicious men. They were sneering at him like huge, hungry cats ready to pounce on a mouse. (pg85) At this point La Liebre found him digging the grounds and questioned him and accused him of stealing though that was open for anyone to dig, but they were just itching for violence. You read "Rain of Gold Occupied America Comparison" in category "Papers" They tried to hang him stating that they were going to make an example of him for stealing, but his mother would die before watching h er only make son die. In the process she managed to save her teens live from being hanged and shot the main leader of La Liebre, forcing the other men who were still alive to leave the village leaving the people to celebrate for uniting against terror. Victoriano having experienced injustice beatings and almost death provides lucid narrative of authority abuse. Where an official or someone with some form of power takes matters into their own hands. â€Å"Los Mineros† video delegates the experiences of miners in the United States that were brought from two main territories Chihuahua and Sinaloa, based on their past experience as miners, little did they know that they would be getting paid scrap money and live in horrible conditions. When they reached their ending point they began to organize protest and fight for healthcare and welfare. During their battle many participants were jailed and beaten sometimes to death, for protesting stating that they were disturbing the peace. In reality government officials would make up any story to imprison these men, which were only fighting for what was owned to them. The video was not made up by actors it was a documentary of the men who experienced the unfair treatment of the â€Å"white man. Evidence is all around us it’s just a matter of us realizing and making a change. Juan was an interesting character. He came of a line of heroes and embraced his ancestry; he was a boy who grew up to be proud of his past. When I first began to read into Juan’s story I had the impression he was a grown man based on is actions and attitude, little did I know he was just a thirteen year old boy who know more about life than the average 20 year old today. Juan went through a lot of discrimination throughout the novel, at one point when he is talking to two of his nephews he informs the two that, â€Å"Hell he treated the dogs better than me. He only had eyes for my brother Domingo, who was blue-eyed like himself. †(pg228) and goes on and tells the boys that prejudice exist in Mexico too, meaning that it’s not just in the United States that narrow-mindedness is present but in their native country as well. In the article, â€Å"The True Significance of the Word White† maintains how assimilation came to birth and how the mindset of the Euro American affected the culture and lifestyle of the Latin people. One piece of the article it’s obvious what they thought of the Mexican people and therefore look down on then and discriminated against them, â€Å"European Americans believed Mexicans were an â€Å"indolent† people, whose backwardness reflected their having poor personal habits and collective deficiencies such as laziness or a penchant for extravagances. In them succeeding in passing along this â€Å"opinion† of Mexican people it was just as easy for Mexican people to accept this concept. In result, any trace of being Mexican was viewed as even being ugly, yet if one was Mexican but had traces that made them look white it was praised upon and it made it quite easy to blend with the rest and reject their cultural which is what the Euro Americans wanted and s ucceeded in. This is also referred to as assimilation. In the novel many of the characters adapted assimilation, Juan was sure to be one of them. When he left Montana to visit his mother his sister and mother noticed he was not the same young boy they once knew. He was almost unrecognizable at first and second glance, â€Å"Just look at you! These clothes, and the taxi† (pg223) His sister took notice of Juan’s transformation, and though she did not emphasize too much about how much he had changed it was apparent that he had lost a part of himself along the way. He realized that he could hardly speak clear Spanish anymore having difficulty pronouncing words fluently. In â€Å"Occupied America† there is an important message written that is empowering and influential, it reads, â€Å"Yet the debate is not whether assimilation is taking place, but what it means. Most agree that assimilation into life in the U. S. is not an instant transformation in which an immigrant suddenly becomes a full-flagged American. Nor does it require the obligation of ethnic identity. Instead, assimilation is a long-term, sometimes multi-generational, process in which newcomers of different backgrounds adopt basic notions of American life—equality under law, due process, and economic opportunity. Put another way, assimilation is not about immigrants rejecting their past, but about people of different racial, religious, and cultural backgrounds coming to believe that they are a part of an overarching American family. † It was necessary to write it all out to truly capture the depths of this message. Thou some may argue was assimilation is this we can all agree in. In the case of Juan it took him a while to find him and to realize that one must first think with our minds before acting on impulse. Juan experienced a true roller coaster like I am sure many did. I felt that Juan stands out among the rest because if analyzed piece by piece it is true that he experienced by far what most immigrants have and do presently in their quest to the southwest. Rain of Gold, Occupied America and other resources studied in class, identifies how events stated in the material used was very much so true, and though people may deny or ignore the truth it is not likely to be forgotten if informed, it is up to the individual to own up to the truth. The three characters Lupe, Victoriano, and Juan were good examples in the novel that added emphasis to real life experiences of people migrating to the southwest. Though there is so much to say about these characters and others with just concentrating with this analysis one can conclude that a life of an immigrant is not a choice or a preference but a form of survival. How to cite Rain of Gold Occupied America Comparison, Papers

New Product Development Innovation Management

Question: Identify the difference between invention and innovation and how innovation can be successfully implemented to achieve growth. Demonstrate a critical awareness of the different models of innovation and how they apply to an industry case studies. Answer: Introduction The organization chosen for preparing this report is Tesla Motors. Tesla Motors is an American automotive company that designs, manufacturing and selling electric cars, components and battery products (Tesla.com 2016). The company was founded in 2003 and has grown significantly in the United States, Europe, Australia, Canada and Asia-Pacific (Tesla.com 2016). The company has made technological advancements and launched four car models. Tesla also unveiled its battery products and made hefty profits. Tesla also built a network of supercharging stations that was spread across various locations (Tesla.com 2016). Tesla has partnerships with multiple companies such as Toyota, Panasonic and Airbnb for production system, engineering support, battery, and various other purposes and reasons (Ramsey 2016). The company has plenty of customers but it needs to make its pathway to profitability. General Motors, Fiat, BMW and various other car manufacturing companies give a tough competition to Tesla (Pento 2016). Tesla is on a road to prove that electric cars can be better than gasoline-powered cars. They are environmentally sustainable with instant torque, zero emissions and incredible power (Tesla.com 2016). Innovative Tesla Tesla is considered as one of the most innovative companies as the electric cars are not just the essence, but the business practices add to their competitive advantage. The business practices of the company are innovative and significantly different than the other car manufacturers leading to increase in revenues. None of the cars produced by Tesla uses gas and has already sold over 107,000 cars (Gross 2016). Even the advertising strategies have helped in racketing up the sales without spending on Super Bowl, New York Auto Show and other expensive strategies. Tesla does not have dealers and sells directly to the retail consumers thereby saving profits (Gross 2016). Tesla was also listed on the FORBES Worlds Most Innovative Companies (Dyer, Gregersen and Furr 2015). Critical Analysis New Product Development is a process of creating, designing and conceptualizing new products and services. The development of new product aims at cultivating, maintaining and increasing market share (Gmelin and Seuring 2014). The new development product goes through numerous stages that are critically analysed as under: Idea generation The development of a new product starts with the concept. The SWOT analysis shall help in determining the internal as well as external structure of the company. It shall further help in finding a possible direction to align with the business strategy. It is argued that an organization must prepare a list of customer needs. The weaknesses, gaps in the product range and areas of product improvement should be identified (Business.qld.gov.au 2016). Feasibility Analysis Based on the above analysis, a large pool of ideas is created. It is argued that the product shall be highly competitive in the market based on its innovative features and performance. The main purpose of feasibility analysis is to assess if the project is technically feasible, profitable and falls within the budget (Ahmad, Mallick and Schroeder 2012). Product Specification The product specification implies the design, advantages and the manner in which it meets the requirements. It also details the features of the product and the technical details that forms a part of product lifecycle management (Gmelin and Seuring 2014). Process Specification After the product specifications are finalised, the costs and prices shall be estimated. Trial production runs shall be made for estimating the costs and prices. The sales forecast shall be made based on the consumer test results. The future cash flows and profits shall be predicted. Investment in production system and distribution system shall be estimated. The marketing strategy shall then be integrated for the product, price, distribution and promotional messages (Gmelin and Seuring 2014). Prototype development Prototype testing is one of the critical yet rewarding stages of the new product development. It shall help preparing the product for market entry. A member of the team with strong project management skills shall manage the product and coordinate the product development. A practical and informative schedule shall be maintained. The processes such as computer-aided design or graphic design must be streamlined. However, the patents shall be put in place and intellectual property shall be protected before the product is out for a test run. The characteristics of the most important customers must be identified and tested repeatedly. The necessary improvements shall be made as recommended by the customers (Business.qld.gov.au 2016) Design Review The design of the car shall be evaluated against the requirements by means of physical tests, walk-through examinations and engineering simulations. Additional effort must be spent for evaluating against ease of localisation, usability, and consistency. Design reviews shall be conducted for addressing the subject matter and issues (Ebrahim 2015). Market Test Market test means testing the product within a specific geographic area. The product shall be launched in the particular region so that the marketing mix can be monitored before the launch. The market test shall assess the different elements of the product. The target marketing strategy, positioning strategy and retail distribution strategy shall be tested before commercialization. However, market testing may be risky for the people actually paying to use the product. Their finance may be wasted if the product does not meet their needs or expectations. Although not always easy to identify, there are indirect costs as well. For example, the money used to test market could be used for other activities. The risk of losing consumer goodwill through the testing of an inferior product is also very real (Hong, Song and Yoo 2012). Product Introduction Commercialization is the process of introducing a new product in the market. The commercialization process is infused with sales, business development and marketing. It is argued that the commercialization of product involves the factors such as the timing, place, target and ways to launch the product (Caner and Tyler 2013). Follow up Evaluation After the product is launched in the market, it shall be followed up for evaluation to assess the response of buyers. The sale units and revenue earned in a quarter shall be assessed. Also, customer feedback shall be generated to assess if the stakeholder needs are met. The impact evaluation can provide necessary feedback to the companies for keeping the business alive. Any required changes shall be made in the new design (Caner and Tyler 2013). Recommendations The organizational communication program must be periodic as well as comprehensive. A deeper relationship must be established with existing customers as it shall be the most critical growth strategy. Before making recommendations, an internal analysis shall be conducted to analyse the environment. Strengths The company manufactures energy efficient cars that run on electricity (Tesla.com 2016). Tesla manufactures environmental-friendly cars and none of them runs on gasoline (Tesla.com 2016). Tesla supplies significant major parts to Toyota (Ramsey 2016). Outsourcing secondary components, it experiences cost reduction advantages (Gorzelany 2014). Tesla has many strong investors and partners such as Toyota, Panasonic, and Airbnb (Ramsey 2016). Weaknesses The cars are expensive in comparison with other car manufacturing companies (Lee 2016). The limited manufacturing capacity delays the delivery time to the customer (Bhuiyan 2016). Tesla lacks experience as it started in 2003 unlike Fords, Toyota or Mazda (Tesla.com 2016). Opportunities As the consumers are getting environmentally concerned, they are making efforts to reduce carbon emissions due to which Tesla may have a great opportunity for expansion (Krupa et al. 2014). Several countries such as USA offer subsidies to green energy companies. Tesla conserves much better energy than the rest (Worstall 2016). The quality control processes can help in significantly reducing cost. The demand for electric vehicles is increasing daily (Barteau 2016). Threats The giant companies such as Toyota, BMW, Fiat and various others give a tough competition to Tesla (Ramsey 2016). The competitors are also increasing day by day as the threat to entrants is high. The cars may not be attractive to the younger generation. The price of the cars may be unaffordable by the middle income consumers (Lee 2016). Table 1- SWOT Analysis A few suggestions that can be made for developing a new product are development of car accessories, manufacturing solar powered cars, and styling new designs for existing model. Looking at the market potential, it is analysed that the customers want innovative and cost-saving technologies. Considering all the variables, the solar powered cars seem like the best option for developing new product. The advantages and disadvantages of using solar powered cars shall be clearly stated to them. An assessment shall be made if they like the concept of solar powered cars since the benefits outweigh the costs. Additional recommendations are considered such as using the solar panels, while keeping the battery supported for electric power as back-up. However, the sun does not shine the whole day, so the panels must be strong enough to trap maximum energy. Also, the battery shall serve the purpose of travelling when the panel is exhausted and has no energy. The market is realistic and there is a need for the product. The product shall help in slowing down global warming, saving money annually, providing energy reliability; cars are noiseless and have low maintenance. The technical capabilities for manufacturing these cars are present in Tesla Motors. The product cost would be acceptable and profitable (Budischak et al. 2013). The main target consumers of Tesla Motors are the older age group. But the solar powered cars can be targeted at the youth as the cars would have dual energy, i.e. battery supported for electric power. The product positioning shall be for the premium or high income customers. Tesla does not invest much in marketing and it should make sponsorships, television advertisements and social media campaign for targeting the age group between 20 and 35 (Mangram 2012). The high performance car shall be safe, desirable and easy handled that would meet the needs of customers (Mangram 2012). The car shall weigh approx 300 kg with 5m in length and 1.8m in width (Thacher 2015). The car height shall be 0.90m. The car speed shall go maximum up to 120 kmh (Thacher 2015). There shall be a micro camera on the rear view with the image displayed to driver. There shall be hydraulic mechanical disc brakes and regenerative electric brake for the motor. There shall be four power trackers. The solar panels shall be on the top of the car where it would capture solar energy. The engine shall also have battery that can be charged through electric current (Thacher 2015). The solar powered cars must then be launched in the market after test marketing. Higher costs shall be incurred as the manufacturing facility shall be built to manufacture products. Also, as designed a large amount may be spent on advertising, sales promotion, sponsorship and other marketing efforts. The product shall be launched initially in London and New York as there is not much capacity to launch the product nationally or internationally. The product shall then rollout over time. The product shall also be launched when the economy is high as the people would have greater purchasing power (Gerken, Moehrle and Walter 2014). Conclusion The above report analyses the new product development of solar powered cars in Tesla Motors. The company is significantly investing on its research and development for making future models that would be smaller and affordable. The development of new product aims at cultivating, maintaining and increasing market share. The target marketing strategy, positioning strategy and retail distribution strategy shall be tested before commercialization. References Ahmad, S., Mallick, D. and Schroeder, R., 2012. New Product Development: Impact of Project Characteristics and Development Practices on Performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(2), pp.331-348. Barteau, M., 2016.How Electric Vehicles Can Boost New Markets. [online] Fortune. Available at: https://fortune.com/2016/06/11/uber-driverless-cars/ [Accessed 19 Jul. 2016]. Bhuiyan, J., 2016.Tesla has missed its delivery goals for the second quarter in a row. [online] Recode. Available at: https://www.recode.net/2016/7/5/12097382/tesla-shipment-delays-second-quarter [Accessed 19 Jul. 2016]. Budischak, C., Sewell, D., Thomson, H., Mach, L., Veron, D. and Kempton, W., 2013. Cost-minimized combinations of wind power, solar power and electrochemical storage, powering the grid up to 99.9% of the time.Journal of Power Sources, 225, pp.60-74. Business.qld.gov.au, 2016.Generating and screening ideas for new products | Queensland Government. [online] Business.qld.gov.au. Available at: https://www.business.qld.gov.au/business/business-improvement/becoming-innovative-business/developing-products-services/new-product-development/generating-screening-ideas-products [Accessed 23 Jul. 2016]. Business.qld.gov.au, 2016.New product prototypes and market testing | Queensland Government. [online] Business.qld.gov.au. Available at: https://www.business.qld.gov.au/business/business-improvement/becoming-innovative-business/developing-products-services/new-product-development/prototypes-market-testing [Accessed 21 Jul. 2016]. Caner, T. and Tyler, B., 2013. Alliance portfolio RD intensity and new product introduction.American Journal of Business, 28(1), pp.38-63. Dyer, J., Gregersen, H. and Furr, N., 2015.Decoding Tesla's Secret Formula. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/innovatorsdna/2015/08/19/teslas-secret-formula/#241acf8759f8 [Accessed 19 Jul. 2016]. Ebrahim, N., 2015. Virtual RD Teams: A New Model for Product Development.International Journal of Innovation, 3(2), pp.01-27. Gerken, J., Moehrle, M. and Walter, L., 2014. One year ahead! Investigating the time lag between patent publication and market launch: insights from a longitudinal study in the automotive industry.RD Manage, 45(3), pp.287-303. Gmelin, H. and Seuring, S., 2014. Determinants of a sustainable new product development.Journal of Cleaner Production, 69, pp.1-9. Gorzelany, J., 2014.Why Tesla's Vertical Manufacturing Move Could Prove Essential To Its Success. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jimgorzelany/2014/02/27/why-teslas-vertical-manufacturing-move-is-manifest-destiny/ [Accessed 19 Jul. 2016]. 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